Quaternaty Multiplexer

It is a device that has multiple input streams and only one output stream.It is the basic building block for many combinational circuits. Example: Adder. The multiplexers will be available in the order of  4^n : 1Mux           Example:  4:1,Mux, 16:1Mux,  64:1Mux.

Quaternary logic(radix-4)

It will have 4 states .Those are 0V,0.4V,0.8V,1.2V for simplicity we can consider as 0V,1V,2V,3V
To drive these four states we will have three power supplies.We can implement Quaternary logic in two ways.
    i.e.  1) Through NMOS Logic
          2) Through CMOS Logic

solution

MVL (Multi Valued Logic):
The information processed in circuits can be represented by Nodal Voltages(Voltage Mode MVL) or Branch
 Currents(Current Mode MVL).The Voltage mode MVL has become more popular because of its simplicity nodal voltage measurements with out any changes in circuit topology. The higher radix in use is the Ternary logic and  Quaternary logic.

Background

In a VLSI circuit approximately
        70% - Inter connections
        20% - Insulation
        10% - Device
 Increasing circuit density is a constraint for  Giving Interconnections N= R^d                  
     Where,
            N- Range (No. of interconnections)
            R- Radix
            d- no of digits required to represent range

Introduction

Binary logic is may not be a promising technology in the future, to satisfy the ‘Moores Law’. Because of having the less states which leads to more interconnections between the components.This problem is overcomed by using a large set of signals over the same area.  Which is called “Multi-valued Logic”.